Table 1

Outcome data from included trials of diet and events for intervention (Int) and control (Ctrl) groups

Study	Participants	Intervention			Outcomes
Study	Int/Ctrl	Type	Years	Diet	All deaths Int/Ctrl	CHD deaths Int/Ctrl	Change in mean serum cholesterol Int/Ctrl (%)
Rose Corn oil Rose Olive oil14	28/26* (M under 70) 26/26* (M under 70)	S	2	64 g corn oil/day 58 g olive oil/day + many banned foods	5/1* 3/1*	5/1* 3/1*	−7.6/−1.2 −0.4/−1.2
Low-fat Diet19	123/129 (M under 65)	S	3	40 g fat/day	20/24	17/20	−16.9/−12.4
MRC Soya-bean Oil18	199/194 (M under 60)	S	3.4	85 g soya-bean oil/day + many banned foods	28/31	27/25	−16.9/−5.9
LA Veterans Study21	424/422 (M age 55+)	P/S	8	40% calories from fat, 2/3 fat from veg oils	174/177	41/50	−18.0/−14.1
Oslo Diet-Heart Study20	206/206 (M 30–64 years)	S	11	40% calories from fat, 72% fat from soya-bean oil	101/108	79/94	−17.6/−3.7 (5-year data)
Sydney Diet Heart Study15	221/237 (M 30–59 years)	S	5	10% sat/15% poly vs 14% sat/9% poly	39/28	35/25	−11.0/−7.1
DART Fat advice27	1018/1015 (M under 70)	S	2	Total fat 30% P/S=1	111/113	97/97	−2.8/+1.2
Minnesota Coronary Survey22 Men Women	4393 M 4664 W (all ages) 2197/2196 2344/2320	P	1	Ctrl: 39% calories fat (18% sat; 5% poly; 16% mono) Int: 38% calories fat (9% sat; 15% poly; 14% mono)	158/153 111/95	62/54 43/47	Cholesterol not reported separately for men/women −15.5/−1.9
STARS28	27/28 (M under 66)	S	3.25	27% calories fat (8–10% sat; 8% poly)	1/3	1/3	−14.0/−1.8
WHI29	19 541/29 294 (W 50–79 years)	P/S	8.1	20% calories fat; 7% calories sat fat	950/1454	158/234	−4.4/−3.4 (3-year data)
Total	26 354/36 067				1701/2187	568/650	Mean −11.4%/−4.7% SD 6.5/4.8

In ‘Int/Ctrl’: M, men; W, women.
In ‘Type’: P, primary prevention study; S, secondary prevention study.
In ‘Diet’: P/S, polyunsaturated:saturated fat ratio; poly, polyunsaturated fat; sat, saturated fat.
*Control not double counted.
DART, Diet and Reinfarction Trial; MRC, Medical Research Council; STARS, St Thomas’ Atherosclerosis Regression Study; WHI, Women's Health Initiative.