CVD risk factors in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study sample, measured at the age of 46
| Men | Women | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current smokers | Recent quitters | Former smokers | Never smokers | p Value | Current smokers | Recent quitters | Former smokers | Never smokers | p Value | |
| n | 743 | 64 | 707 | 1222 | 665 | 57 | 694 | 1822 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2±4.5 | 27.5±4.0 | 27.9±4.0 | 26.8±4.0 | <0.001* | 27.1±5.4 | 26.8±5.7 | 26.9±5.4 | 26.1±5.1 | <0.001* |
| Waist (cm) | 98.3±12.3 | 99.6±10.9 | 99.0±11.6 | 95.8±11.3 | <0.001* | 89.2±13.6 | 89.0±15.0 | 88.5±13.5 | 85.9±12.4 | <0.001* |
| Hip (cm) | 98.8±8.2 | 99.9±8.3 | 100.4±7.8 | 98.9±7.3 | <0.001* | 101.2±11.2 | 101.2±12.5 | 101.7±10.9 | 99.7±10.8 | <0.001* |
| WHR | 1.0±0.1 | 1.0±0.1 | 1.0±0.1 | 1.0±0.1 | <0.001* | 0.9±0.1 | 0.9±0.1 | 0.9±0.1 | 0.9±0.1 | <0.001* |
| Total cholesterol†‡ (mmol/L) | 5.6±1.0 | 5.5±1.0 | 5.6±1.0 | 5.5±1.0 | 0.028*§ | 5.2±0.9 | 5.1±0.7 | 5.1±0.8 | 5.2±0.8 | 0.521*§ |
| HDL cholesterol† (mmol/L) | 1.35±0.3 | 1.36±0.3 | 1.41±0.3 | 1.42±0.3 | <0.001*§ | 1.58±0.4 | 1.77±0.4 | 1.66±0.4 | 1.69±0.4 | <0.001*§ |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.81±1.0 | 3.69±0.9 | 3.80±0.9 | 3.66±0.9 | 0.002*§ | 3.34±1.0 | 2.98±0.9 | 3.21±0.8 | 3.22±0.8 | 0.002*§ |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.7±1.0 | 1.4±0.6 | 1.5±1.0 | 1.4±0.9 | <0.001*§ | 1.2±0.6 | 1.1±0.6 | 1.1±0.6 | 1.0±0.5 | <0.001*§ |
| Systolic BP†‡ (mm Hg) | 127.1±13.8 | 126.4±13.0 | 129.5±13.4 | 128.1±14.2 | 0.011*§ | 117.5±15.4 | 116.8±16.2 | 117.5±15.4 | 119.1±15.2 | 0.016*§ |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 86.3±10.2 | 86.1±9.5 | 87.8±9.8 | 85.9±10.3 | <0.001*§ | 82.6±11.1 | 81.2±11.8 | 81.6±10.7 | 82.6±10.5 | 0.110*§ |
| Antihypertensive medication (%)† | 17.4 | 16.9 | 22.6 | 17.1 | 0.015* | 20.7 | 20.7 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 0.007* |
| Hypolipidemic medication (%) | 6.8 | 4.6 | 8.9 | 6.2 | 0.125* | 3.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2 | 0.041* |
| Type 2 diabetes (%)† | 4.0 | 0 | 4.2 | 1.8 | <0.001* | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 1.8 | <0.001* |
| SCORE risk score (%) | 2.6±1.0 | 1.3±0.4 | 1.4±0.5 | 1.3±0.5 | <0.001* | 0.5±0.2 | 0.2±0.1 | 0.2±0.1 | 0.2±0.1 | <0.001* |
| Framingham risk score (%) | 14.7±6.0 | 7.4±2.3 | 8.1±3.2 | 7.5±3.4 | <0.001* | 5.9±3.9 | 3.0±2.1 | 3.2±1.9 | 3.3±1.9 | <0.001* |
The values are presented as mean±SD unless otherwise indicated.
*BMI is adjusted for when testing for differences between groups.
†Included in Framingham risk score.
‡Included in SCORE risk score.
§Use of antihypertensive and lipid profile-lowering medication is adjusted for when testing for differences between groups.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SCORE, Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation; WHR, waist to hip ratio.