Regression coefficients and interactions for the EuroQoL self-rated health grade (scaled 1–10) stratified by gender, derived from univariable and multivariable models
| Univariable | Multivariable | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | Men | Women | |||||||||||
| β (95% CI) | t Value | p Value | β (95% CI) | t Value | p Value | p Interaction | β (95% CI) | t Value | p Value | β (95% CI) | t Value | p Value | p Interaction | |
| Age (per 10 years) | −0.06 (−0.15 to 0.03) | −1.31 | 0.191 | −0.04 (−0.17 to 0.08) | −0.71 | 0.479 | 0.856 | 0.13 (0.03 to 0.23) | 2.53 | 0.012 | 0.04 (−0.11 to 0.19) | 0.50 | 0.615 | 0.510 |
| BMI (per 5 points) | −0.14 (−0.25 to −0.03) | −2.57 | 0.010 | −0.06 (−0.20 to 0.08) | −0.79 | 0.429 | 0.348 | 0.06 (−0.06 to 0.18) | 0.92 | 0.359 | −0.05 (−0.22 to 0.12) | −0.62 | 0.537 | 0.933 |
| Diabetes | −0.46 (−0.69 to −0.24) | −4.03 | <0.001 | 0.02 (−0.34 to 0.37) | 0.09 | 0.928 | 0.028* | −0.11 (−0.39 to 0.16) | −0.82 | 0.415 | 0.06 (−0.35 to 0.47) | 0.30 | 0.762 | 0.342 |
| Hypertension | −0.42 (−0.61 to −0.23) | −4.40 | <0.001 | −0.21 (−0.50 to 0.08) | −1.41 | 0.160 | 0.248 | −0.34 (−0.57 to −0.11) | −2.95 | 0.003 | 0.02 (−0.34 to 0.38) | 0.10 | 0.918 | 0.071 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | −0.32 (−0.51 to −0.14) | −3.38 | 0.001 | −0.12 (−0.41 to 0.17) | −0.81 | 0.420 | 0.252 | −0.06 (−0.29 to 0.17) | −0.50 | 0.614 | −0.03 (−0.36 to 0.30) | −0.17 | 0.868 | 0.523 |
| Smoking | −0.26 (−0.46 to −0.06) | −2.55 | 0.011 | −0.10 (−0.41 to 0.21) | −0.64 | 0.524 | 0.409 | −0.17 (−0.38 to 0.04) | −1.55 | 0.122 | −0.22 (−0.56 to 0.11) | −1.30 | 0.194 | 0.982 |
| History of CVD | −0.60 (−0.78 to −0.42) | −6.45 | <0.001 | −0.17 (−0.45 to 0.11) | −1.18 | 0.240 | 0.013* | −0.33 (−0.57 to −0.09) | −2.71 | 0.007 | −0.08 (−0.41 to 0.26) | −0.45 | 0.651 | 0.236 |
| Stable CAD (vs UA or infarction) | −0.25 (−0.44 to −0.05) | −2.48 | 0.013 | −0.32 (−0.62 to −0.02) | −2.12 | 0.035 | 0.684 | 0.05 (−0.19 to 0.29) | 0.40 | 0.688 | −0.21 (−0.59 to 0.17) | −1.08 | 0.283 | 0.464 |
| Significant CAD | 0.05 (−0.18 to 0.28) | 0.40 | 0.688 | 0.19 (−0.10 to 0.48) | 1.28 | 0.200 | 0.460 | 0.25 (−0.14 to 0.65) | 1.25 | 0.212 | 0.07 (−0.53 to 0.67) | 0.23 | 0.819 | 0.988 |
| Conservative treatment (vs PCI or CABG) | −0.15 (−0.36 to 0.05) | −1.52 | 0.129 | −0.15 (−0.44 to 0.13) | −1.07 | 0.283 | 0.995 | 0.00 (−0.35 to 0.34) | −0.02 | 0.983 | −0.14 (−0.73 to 0.44) | −0.49 | 0.628 | 0.885 |
| Chest pain | −0.36 (−0.54 to −0.17) | −3.76 | <0.001 | −0.29 (−0.58 to −0.01) | −2.02 | 0.044 | 0.711 | −0.19 (−0.41 to 0.04) | −1.61 | 0.108 | −0.32 (−0.66 to 0.03) | −1.78 | 0.076 | 0.944 |
| Shortness of breath | −0.87 (−1.06 to −0.68) | −9.00 | <0.001 | −0.44 (−0.72 to −0.16) | −3.11 | 0.002 | 0.013* | −0.48 (−0.71 to −0.26) | −4.24 | <0.001 | −0.14 (−0.48 to 0.20) | −0.84 | 0.403 | 0.099 |
| Progressive symptoms | −0.65 (−0.85 to −0.45) | −6.35 | <0.001 | −0.69 (−0.98 to −0.40) | −4.75 | <0.001 | 0.838 | −0.23 (−0.45 to −0.02) | −2.11 | 0.035 | −0.51 (−0.88 to −0.14) | −2.70 | 0.008 | 0.486 |
| Symptoms with exercise | −0.35 (−0.54 to −0.17) | −3.72 | <0.001 | −0.18 (−0.46 to 0.11) | −1.21 | 0.227 | 0.315 | 0.05 (−0.19 to 0.29) | 0.43 | 0.666 | 0.06 (−0.30 to 0.42) | 0.32 | 0.749 | 0.831 |
| Symptoms with emotion | −0.48 (−0.76 to −0.21) | −3.45 | 0.001 | −0.38 (−0.73 to −0.03) | −2.13 | 0.033 | 0.655 | −0.21 (−0.51 to 0.09) | −1.40 | 0.162 | −0.24 (−0.61 to 0.13) | −1.27 | 0.206 | 0.898 |
| Symptoms with cold | −0.47 (−0.73 to −0.21) | −3.55 | <0.001 | −0.11 (−0.53 to 0.31) | −0.51 | 0.614 | 0.160 | −0.25 (−0.52 to 0.03) | −1.75 | 0.081 | 0.18 (−0.26 to 0.63) | 0.81 | 0.417 | 0.115 |
| Start of symptoms (short vs long) | 0.56 (0.34 to 0.77) | 5.03 | <0.001 | 0.36 (0.05 to 0.67) | 2.28 | 0.023 | 0.325 | 0.20 (−0.05 to 0.44) | 1.59 | 0.113 | 0.22 (−0.14 to 0.57) | 1.22 | 0.225 | 0.889 |
| Last symptoms (recent vs long) | −0.77 (−0.98 to −0.57) | −7.41 | <0.001 | −0.74 (−1.02 to −0.45) | −5.09 | <0.001 | 0.849 | −0.58 (−0.79 to −0.36) | −5.31 | <0.001 | −0.67 (−0.99 to −0.34) | −4.04 | <0.001 | 0.809 |
| Limitations due to symptoms | −0.93 (−1.13 to −0.72) | −8.93 | <0.001 | −0.71 (−1.00 to −0.43) | −4.89 | <0.001 | 0.250 | −0.53 (−0.76 to −0.31) | −4.60 | <0.001 | −0.42 (−0.77 to −0.07) | −2.37 | 0.018 | 0.671 |
Regression coefficients (βs) for the EuroQoL self-rated health grade (scale 1–10) stratified by gender, obtained from a univariable regression model (left part of table) and from a multivariable linear regression model containing: diabetes, hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolaemia, history of CVD, age, BMI, indication for CAG (stable CAD, UA, myocardial infarction), treatment of CAD (conservative, PCI, CABG), angiographic significance of CAD, time since first symptoms, time since last symptoms, limitations due to symptoms, chest pain, shortness of breath, triggers of symptoms (exercise, emotion, cold) and progression of symptoms. β is described for yes versus no, unless indicated otherwise. The significance of the interaction terms is given in the columns “p interaction”.
*Indicates p value for interaction <0.05. Significantly different univariable βs were found for diabetes, history of CVD and shortness of breath. No multivariable interaction terms were found to be significant.
BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery disease; CAG, coronary angiography; CVD, cardiovascular disease; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; UA, unstable angina.