Selected characteristics of the 33 included trials
| Characteristic | Number (%) or median (range) |
|---|---|
| Exercise-only CR | 10 (30) |
| Setting | |
| Centre-based | 14 (43) |
| Home-based | 5 (15) |
| Both | 13 (39) |
| Unspecified | 1 (3) |
| Sample size | 52 (19–2331) |
| Publication date | |
| 1990–1999 | 5 (15) |
| 2000–2009 | 22 (66) |
| 2010 or later | 6 (18) |
| Single centre | 30 (91) |
| Study location | |
| Europe | 20 (60) |
| North America* | 11 (33) |
| Other | 2 (6) |
| Sex | |
| Men only | 12 (36) |
| Women only | 0 (0) |
| Both | 20 (61) |
| Unspecified | 1 (3) |
| Age (years) | 60.5 (51–81) |
| Diagnosis | |
| HFREF only | 29 (88) |
| HFPEF only | 0 (0) |
| Both | 4 (12) |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 29 (21–41) |
| Included NYHA IV | 6 (18) |
| Unspecified | 4 (12) |
*HF-ACTION trial also included six French centres (out of 82 centres): +median of study means.
CR, cardiac rehabilitation; HFPEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFREF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association.