RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Risk prediction score for clinical outcome in atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease JF Open Heart JO Open Heart FD British Cardiovascular Society SP e002292 DO 10.1136/openhrt-2023-002292 VO 10 IS 1 A1 Ishii, Masanobu A1 Kaikita, Koichi A1 Yasuda, Satoshi A1 Akao, Masaharu A1 Ako, Junya A1 Matoba, Tetsuya A1 Nakamura, Masato A1 Miyauchi, Katsumi A1 Hagiwara, Nobuhisa A1 Kimura, Kazuo A1 Hirayama, Atsushi A1 Nishihara, Eiichiro A1 Nakamura, Shinichiro A1 Matsui, Kunihiko A1 Ogawa, Hisao A1 Tsujita, Kenichi A1 YR 2023 UL http://openheart.bmj.com/content/10/1/e002292.abstract AB Objective Antithrombotic therapy is essential for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) because of the high risk of thrombosis, whereas a combination of antiplatelets and anticoagulants is associated with a high risk of bleeding. We sought to develop and validate a machine-learning-based model to predict future adverse events.Methods Data from 2215 patients with AF and stable CAD enrolled in the Atrial Fibrillation and Ischaemic Events With Rivaroxaban in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease trial were randomly assigned to the development and validation cohorts. Using the random survival forest (RSF) and Cox regression models, risk scores were developed for net adverse clinical events (NACE) defined as all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke or major bleeding.Results Using variables selected by the Boruta algorithm, RSF and Cox models demonstrated acceptable discrimination and calibration in the validation cohort. Using the variables weighted by HR (age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, alcohol consumption, creatinine clearance, heart failure, diabetes, antiplatelet use and AF type), an integer-based risk score for NACE was developed and classified patients into three risk groups: low (0–4 points), intermediate (5–8) and high (≥9). In both cohorts, the integer-based risk score performed well, with acceptable discrimination (area under the curve 0.70 and 0.66, respectively) and calibration (p>0.40 for both). Decision curve analysis showed the superior net benefits of the risk score.Conclusions This risk score can predict the risk of NACE in patients with AF and stable CAD.Trial registration numbers UMIN000016612, NCT02642419.Data are available on reasonable request. The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.