RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Coronary artery disease in patients hospitalised with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection
JF Open Heart
JO Open Heart
FD British Cardiovascular Society
SP e001428
DO 10.1136/openhrt-2020-001428
VO 7
IS 2
A1 Marco Loffi
A1 Raffaele Piccolo
A1 Valentina Regazzoni
A1 Giuseppe Di Tano
A1 Luigi Moschini
A1 Debora Robba
A1 Filippo Quinzani
A1 Giovanni Esposito
A1 Anna Franzone
A1 Gian Battista Danzi
YR 2020
UL http://openheart.bmj.com/content/7/2/e001428.abstract
AB Objective Among patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), coronary artery disease (CAD) has been identified as a high-risk condition. We aimed to assess the clinical outcomes and mortality among patients with COVID-19 according to CAD status.Methods We retrospectively analysed data from patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Cremona Hospital (Lombardy region, Italy) between February and March 2020. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. CAD was defined as a history of prior myocardial infarction (MI), prior percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or CAD that was being medically treated.Results Of 1252 consecutive patients with COVID-19, 124 (9.9%) had concomitant CAD. Patients with CAD were older and had a higher prevalence of comorbidities compared with those without CAD. Although patients with CAD had a higher risk of all-cause mortality than patients without CAD (HR 3.01, 95% CI 2.27 to 3.99), this difference was no longer significant in the adjusted model (HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.63). Results were consistent among patients with prior MI (adjusted HR (aHR) 0.87, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.41), prior PCI (aHR 1.10, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.62), prior CABG (aHR 0.91, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.82), or CAD medically treated (aHR 0.84, 95% CI 0.29 to 2.44). Multivariable analysis showed that age (aHR per 5 year increase 1.62, 95% CI 1.53 to 1.72) and female sex (aHR 0.63, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.82) were the only two independent correlates of mortality.Conclusion Patients with COVID-19 and CAD have an exceedingly higher risk of mortality, which is mainly attributable to the burden of comorbidities rather than to a direct effect of CAD per se.