Clinical Research
Mini-Focus: Left Atrial Closure in Atrial Fibrillation
Thoracoscopic Stand-Alone Left Atrial Appendectomy for Thromboembolism Prevention in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.017Get rights and content
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Objectives

This study sought to evaluate thoracoscopic stand-alone left atrial appendectomy for thromboembolism prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF).

Background

Closing the left atrial appendage (LAA) is an efficacious alternative to oral anticoagulation as prevention against AF-induced thromboembolism, provided that the procedure is safe and complete.

Methods

Thirty patients (mean age, 74 ± 5.0 years) who had had thromboembolisms were selected. A subgroup of 21 patients (mean age, 75 years; mean CHA2DS2 VASc score, 4.5) urgently needed an alternative treatment to anticoagulation: warfarin was contraindicated due to hemorrhagic side effects in 13, the international normalized ratio was uncontrollable in 7, and transient ischemic attacks had developed immediately after the warfarin dose was reduced for oncological treatment in 1. The LAA was thoracoscopically excised with an endoscopic cutter.

Results

Thoracoscopic appendectomy (mean operating time, 32 min, switched to mini-thoracotomy in 2 cases) led to no mortality and no major complications. Three-month post-operative 3-dimensional enhanced computed tomography, performed with patients' consent, confirmed the completeness of the appendectomy. Patients have been followed for 1 to 38 months (mean, 16 ± 9.7 months [18 ± 9.4 months for the subgroup]). One patient died of breast cancer 28 months after surgery. Despite discontinued anticoagulation, no patients have experienced recurrence of thromboembolism.

Conclusions

Thoracoscopic stand-alone appendectomy is potentially safe and may allow surgeons to achieve relatively simple, complete LAA closure. Further experience may demonstrate this technique to be a viable option for thromboembolism prevention in nonvalvular AF.

Key Words

left atrial appendage excision
nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
secondary prevention stroke
thromboembolism

Abbreviations and Acronyms

AF
atrial fibrillation
LA
left atrium
LAA
left atrial appendage
TEE
transesophageal echocardiography

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All authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.