Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Oral ingestion of a hydrolyzed gelatin meal in subjects with normal weight and in obese patients: Postprandial effect on circulating gut peptides, glucose and insulin

  • Original Research Paper
  • Published:
Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Gut hormones [ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)] are an important group of hormones that target appetite control. They are released from endocrine L cells of the small bowel in proportion to the volume, components and calories in a meal. In the current study, 20 g of gelatin (flavored and sweetened) were given to obese patients (n=12) and lean subjects (n=10). Subsequently, plasma samples were collected at-30-minute intervals up to 180 minutes and glucose, insulin, PYY, GLP-1 and ghrelin were assayed using specific and sensitive immunofluorometric and radioimmunoassays. As expected, obese patients had normal serum glucose levels, higher serum insulin, and lower plasma concentration of ghrelin at all times compared to lean subjects. GLP-1 plasma levels were significantly elevated at 60 minutes, peaking at 120 minutes in obese patients and lean subjects. As a consequence, there was a significant rise in serum insulin levels with a significantly higher peak level at 60 min (obese) and 30 min (lean). There were no significant changes in PYY plasma concentrations and no correlation was found between body mass index and concentrations of ghrelin, PYY and GLP-1 in the group of obese patients. In conclusion, a single gelatin meal induces a rise in plasma GLP-1 followed by an increase in serum levels of insulin. These findings may be applied to maximize satiety in obese patients as a means of improving adherence to calorie-controlled diets as well as provide better control of diabetic patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Zimmet P., Alberti K.G., Shaw J.: Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic. Nature, 414, 782–787, 2001.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bray G.A.: Risks of obesity. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am., 32, 787–804, 2003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Huda M.S.B., Wilding J.P.H., Pinkney J.H.: Gut peptides and the regulation of appetite. Obes. Rev., 7, 163–182, 2006.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Korner J., Leibel R.L.: To eat or not to eat -how the gut talks to the brain. N. Engl. J. Med., 349, 926–928, 2003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Murphy K.G., Dhillo W.S., Bloom S.R.: Gut peptides in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis. Endocr. Rev., 27, 719–727, 2006.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Batterham R.L., Cohen M.A., Ellis S.M., Le Roux C.W., Withers D.J., Frost G.S., Ghatei M.A., Bloom S.R.: Inhibition of food intake in obese subjects by peptide YY3-36. N. Engl. J. Med., 349, 941–948, 2003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Neary N.M., Small C.J., Druce M.R., Park A.J., Ellis S.M., Senijonous N.M., Dakin C.L., Filipsson K., Wang F., Kent A.S., Frost G.S., Ghatei M.A., Bloom S.R.: Peptide YY3-36 and glucagon-like peptide-17-36 inhibit food intake additively. Endocrinology, 146, 5120–5127, 2005.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Verdich C., Flint A., Gutzwiller J.P., Noslund E., Beglinger C., Hellstrom P.M., Long S.J., Morjan L.M., Holst J.J., Astrup A.: A meta-analysis of the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (7–36) amide on ad libitum energy intake in humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 86, 4382–4389, 2001.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Latner J.D., Schwartz M.: The effects of a high-carbohydrate, high-protein or balanced lunch upon later food intake and hunger ratings. Appetite, 33, 119–128, 1999.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Bowen J., Noakes M., Clifton P.M.: Appetite regulatory hormone responses to various dietary proteins differ by body mass index status despite similar reductions in ad libitum energy intake. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 91, 2913–2919, 2006.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Bellissimo N., Desantadina M.V., Pencharz P.B., Berall G.B., Thomas S.G., Anderson G.H.: A comparison of short-term appetite and energy intakes in normal weight and obese boys following glucose and whey-protein drinks. Int. J. Obes., Epub. Aug 14, 1–10, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Strader A.D., Woods S.C.: Gastrointestinal hormones and food intake. Gastroenterology, 128, 175–191, 2005.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. van der Lely A.J., Tschop M., Heiman M.L., Ghigo E.: Biological, physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin. Endocr. Rev., 25, 426–457, 2004.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Hall W.L., Millward D.J., Long S.J., Morgan L.M.: Casein and whey exert different effects on plasma amino acid profiles, gastrointestinal hormone secretion and appetite. Br. J. Nutr., 89, 239–248, 2003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Lejeune M.P.G.M., Westerterp K.R., Adam T.C.M., Luscombe-Marsh N.D., Westerterp-Plantenga M.S.: Ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide 1 concentrations, 24-h satiety and energy and substrate metabolism during a high-protein diet and measured in a respiration chamber1-3. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 83, 89–94, 2006.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Bowen J., Noakes M., Clifton P.M.: Appetite hormones and energy intake in obese men after consumption of fructose, glucose and whey protein beverages. Int. J. Obes., 31, 1696–1703, 2007.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Velasquez M.T., Bhathena S.J.: Role of dietary soy protein in obesity. Int. J. Med. Sci., 26, 72–82, 2007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Boirie Y., Dangin M., Gachon P., Vasson M.P., Maubois J.L., Beaufrère B.: Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 94, 14930–14935, 1997.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Cummings D.E., Weigle D.S., Frayo R.S., Breen P.A., Ma M.K., Dellinger E.P., Purnell J.Q.: Plasma ghrelin levels after diet-induced weight loss or gastric bypass surgery. N. Engl. J. Med., 346, 1623–1630, 2002.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. G. Medeiros-Neto MD, MACP

    Present address: Department of Internal Medicine and Thyroid Unit (Lim-25), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo 455, 4o. andar, 01246-903, Brazil

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine and Thyroid Unit (Lim-25), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo 455, 4o. andar, 01246-903, Brazil

    I. G. S. Rubio, G. Castro & A. C. Zanini

Authors
  1. I. G. S. Rubio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. G. Castro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. C. Zanini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. G. Medeiros-Neto MD, MACP
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rubio, I.G.S., Castro, G., Zanini, A.C. et al. Oral ingestion of a hydrolyzed gelatin meal in subjects with normal weight and in obese patients: Postprandial effect on circulating gut peptides, glucose and insulin. Eat Weight Disord 13, 48–53 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03327784

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03327784

Keywords

Search

Navigation