Clinical and cardiac factors linked to LV global longitudinal systolic strain (GLS) in patients with HFpEF - Meta-regression analysis
| Clinical and cardiac factors | GLS, % | |
| β (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Age, per 1 year | −0.05 (−0.15 to 0.05) | 0.32 |
| Prevalence of women, per 1% | 0.08 (−0.04 to 0.12) | < 0.01 |
| Prevalence of arterial hypertension, per 1% | 0.02 (−0.03 to 0.07) | 0.41 |
| Prevalence of diabetes, per 1% | −0.02 (−0.08 to 0.02) | 0.31 |
| Prevalence of CAD, per 1% | −0.04 (−0.01 to −0.07) | < 0.01 |
| Prevalence of AF, per 1% | −0.02 (−0.06 to 0.01) | 0.27 |
| LVEF, per 1% | 0.29 (0.04 to 0.53) | 0.03 |
| LV mass, per 1 g/m² | −0.03 (−0.01 to −0.06) | 0.05 |
| Mitral septal-lateral e’, per 1 cm/s | 0.34 (−0.40 to 1.08) | 0.38 |
| Mitral septal-lateral E/e’, per 1 unit | −0.39 (−0.17 to −0.61) | < 0.01 |
| Sample size of the study, per one patient | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.02) | 0.53 |
The meta-regression analysis was performed in all studies as shown in figures 2 and 3. GLS (ie, average longitudinal peak systolic strain from ≥12 LV segments). The β coefficient indicates the estimated change in GLS for every estimated change in the independent variable analysed.
AF, atrial fibrillation; CAD, coronary artery disease; GLS, global longitudinal systolic strain; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; e’, septal and lateral annular mitral early diastolic peak velocity using pulsed-TDI; E, mitral inflow early diastolic peak velocity using pulsed Doppler; β, beta coefficient; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.