Patients with persistent AF (n=102) | |
Clinical characteristics | |
Age (years) | 65.7±9.7 |
Women | 33.3% |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.0±5.1 |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 123.0±14.4 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 76.4±9.7 |
Heart rate (beats/min) | 89.7±10.9 |
CHADS2 index score | 0.9±0.6 |
CHA2DS2-VASc index score | 2.1±1.2 |
Duration of AF <12 months | 100% |
PVI alone | 55.9% |
PVI + additional LA lesions | 44.1% |
Comorbidities | |
Hypertension | 72.5% |
Type II diabetes | 8.8% |
Obesity | 32.4% |
History of CAD | 24.5% |
Left ventricular characteristics | |
LV ejection fraction (%) | 56.8±3.8 |
LV mass (g/m²) | 97.5±23.0 |
LV longitudinal systolic function (strain) (%) | −13.5±3.1 |
LV longitudinal diastolic function (SRe) (s−1) | 1.25±0.36 |
Left atrial characteristics | |
LA diameter (mm) | 41.1±4.7 |
LA area (cm²) | 20.9±5.3 |
LA volume (mL) | 62.5±27.3 |
LA volume index (LAVI) (mL/m²) | 30.9±12.3 |
LA strain (%) | 12.7±4.2 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or percentages. Additional LA lesions, LA linear lesions (LA roof line and mitral isthmus line) and ablation of regions with complex fractionated electrograms.
AF, atrial fibrillation; CAD, coronary artery disease; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; PVI, pulmonary vein isolation; SRe, early-diastolic strain rate.