First tertile (n=353) | Second tertile (n=353) | Third tertile (n=352) | p Value | |
Laboratory data | ||||
Log BNP | 2.2±0.6 | 2.5±0.5 | 2.6±0.5**†† | <0.001 |
Total protein (g/L) | 7.1±0.8 | 7.0±0.7 | 6.8±0.8**†† | <0.001 |
Albumin (g/L) | 3.8±0.6 | 3.7±0.6 | 3.5±0.6**†† | <0.001 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.9±0.5 | 0.9±0.5 | 1.1±0.7 | 0.146 |
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.1±0.1 | 0.1±0.1 | 0.2±0.2 | 0.086 |
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 246.4±114.3 | 257.9±134.2 | 280.8±114.4** | 0.008 |
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (U/L) | 55.9±64.1 | 60.0±96.3 | 76.6±95.5** | 0.009 |
Cholinesterase (U/L) | 294.1±88.2 | 266.2±77.1 | 215.0±70.0**†† | <0.001 |
Estimated GFR (mL/min/1.73 cm2) | 62.6±25.2 | 56.4±22.3** | 48.1±21.8**†† | <0.001 |
Sodium (mEq/L) | 138.9±3.3 | 139.2±3.6 | 138.4±4.4† | 0.018 |
Type IV collagen 7S (ng/mL) | 4.5±1.7 | 4.8±1.7* | 5.9±2.5**†† | <0.001 |
PIIIP (U/mL) | 0.6±0.3 | 0.7±0.4* | 0.8±0.3**† | <0.001 |
Log hyaluronic acid | 1.6±0.3 | 1.9±0.4** | 2.1±0.4**†† | <0.001 |
Echocardiography | ||||
LVEF (%) | 49.0±17.0 | 50.0±15.9 | 50.2±14.9 | 0.640 |
Left atrial volume (mL) | 74.9±47.9 | 82.8±56.6 | 92.5±72.0** | 0.004 |
Mitral valve E/e’ | 13.8±7.0 | 15.3±9.8 | 16.6±9.1** | 0.004 |
Inferior vena cava diameter (mm) | 14.4±4.6 | 14.5±4.4 | 16.2±5.4**†† | <0.001 |
SPAP (mm Hg) | 30.3±18.5 | 30.2±15.2 | 31.0±14.9 | 0.854 |
Right atrial end-systolic area (cm2) | 17.6±10.4 | 17.4±8.5 | 20.9±11.1**†† | 0.003 |
RV-FAC (%) | 42.1±15.8 | 41.6±13.3 | 41.7±14.3 | 0.941 |
Data are presented as median (IQR).
*p<0.05 and **p<0.01 versus
*p<0.05 and **p<0.01 versus first tertile. †p<0.05 and ††p<0.01 versus second tertile.
BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; Mitral valve E/e’, ratio of the peak transmitral velocity during early diastole to the peak mitral valve annular velocity during early diastole; PIIIP, procollagen type III peptide; RV-FAC, right ventricular fractional area change; SPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure.