Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Any PMN (n=178) | No PMN (n=360) | p | Major PMN (n=32) | No Major PMN (n=506) | p | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, y | 69.6+9.0 | 67.3+10.0 | 0.007 | 70.3+7.8 | 67.86+9.82 | ns |
| Female sex | 58 (33.1) | 65 (18.1) | <0.001 | 12 (37.5) | 112 (22.1) | 0.046 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24 (21.9–26.5) | 24.5 (22.2–26.6) | ns | 23.8 (21.8–26) | 24.4 (22.2–26.6) | ns |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||||
| Hypertension | 126 (71.0) | 252 (70.0) | ns | 23 (71.9) | 355 (70.16) | ns |
| Diabetes mellitus | 62 (34.8) | 138 (38.3) | ns | 11 (34.4) | 189 (37.35) | ns |
| Dyslipidemia | 92 (51.7) | 181 (50.23) | ns | 15 (46.9) | 258 (50.99) | ns |
| Smoking | 110 (61.8) | 258 (71.7) | 0.021 | 18 (56.3) | 350 (69.17) | ns |
| Other comorbidities | ||||||
| Aortic stenosis | 8 (4.5) | 4 (1.1) | 0.012 | 0 (0) | 12 (2.37) | ns |
| Mitral regurgitation | 1 (0.6) | 13 (3.6) | 0.037 | 0 (0) | 14 (2.77) | ns |
| Aortic insufficiency | 4 (2.3) | 1 (0.33) | 0.025 | 1 (3.13) | 4 (0.79) | ns |
| Myocardial infarction | 87 (48.9) | 189 (52.5) | ns | 16 (50) | 260 (51.38) | ns |
| Congestive heart failure | 8 (4.5) | 29 (8.1) | ns | 0 (0) | 37 (7.31) | ns |
| Atrial fibrillation | 16 (9.0) | 38 (10.6) | ns | 1 (3.1) | 53 (10.5) | ns |
| Prior operations | ||||||
| PCI | 120 (67.4) | 260 (72.2) | ns | 16 (50) | 364 (71.94) | 0.008 |
| CABG | 4 (2.3) | 13 (3.6) | ns | 0 (0) | 17 (3.36) | ns |
| UCG findings | ||||||
| LVEF, % | 62 (53–70) | 64 (56–68) | ns | 61.5 (46.5–69.5) | 63 (56–69) | ns |
| LVH | 36 (20.2) | 50 (13.9) | ns | 9 (28.1) | 77 (15.2) | ns |
| Medications | ||||||
| Beta blocker | 87 (48.9) | 200 (55.6) | ns | 14 (43.8) | 273 (54.0) | ns |
| ARBs/ACE inhibitors | 120 (67.4) | 238 (66.1) | ns | 25 (78.1) | 333 (65.8) | ns |
| Aspirin | 124 (69.7) | 281 (78.1) | 0.034 | 19 (59.4) | 386 (76.3) | 0.032 |
| Anticoagulant | 15 (8.4) | 41 (11.4) | ns | 0 (0) | 56 (11.1) | 0.047 |
| Statins | 131 (73.6) | 268 (74.4) | ns | 21 (65.6) | 378 (74.7) | ns |
| Bio-humoral variables | ||||||
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 64.2 (54.4–75.5) | 71 (59.2–83.7) | <0.001 | 62.9 (50.7–77.6) | 68.8 (57.7–80.6) | ns |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 91.5 (74–108) | 88 (75–108) | ns | 102 (72–118.5) | 89 (74–107) | ns |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 48 (39–57) | 46 (38–56) | ns | 49 (39.8–60.8) | 46 (39–56) | ns |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 0.1 (0–0.2) | 0.1 (0–0.2) | ns | 0.1 (0–0.1) | 0.1 (0–0.2) | ns |
| NT-proBNP, ng/L | 140 (58–439) | 126 (53.3–289) | ns | 358.5 (84.8–681) | 126 (53.8–307.5) | 0.003 |
| Pre-procedural hs-cTnI, ng/L | 6 (3–10.3) | 4 (2–7) | <0.001 | 5 (3–12) | 4 (3–8) | ns |
| Post-procedural hs-cTnI, ng/L | 60.5 (39.8–100.8) | 10 (6–17) | <0.001 | 239 (165.8–326.8) | 15.5 (7–32) | <0.001 |
| Absolute changes of hs-cTnI, ng/L | 50.5 (32.8–96.3) | 4.5 (1–9) | <0.001 | 218.5 (153.5–321.3) | 8 (2–26) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: ARBs/ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers/angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; HDL, high density lipoprotein; hs-cTnI, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-I; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PMN, procedure-related myocardial necrosis; UCG, ultrasound cardiography; .