Patient characteristics, for all patients and for the subgroups of patients with PCI and CABG
| Variable | Total (n (%)) 4123 (100%) | PCI (n (%)) 3417 (100%) | CABG (n (%)) 706 (100%) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years (median (IQR)) | 71 (62–77) | 72 (63–77) | 69 (60–74) | <0.001 |
| Female patients | 1252 (30.37%) | 1087 (31.81%) | 165 (23.37%) | <0.001 |
| Diagnoses at the index hospital stay* | ||||
| Cardiovascular diseases | ||||
| AMI | 1729 (41.94%) | 1506 (44.07%) | 223 (31.59%) | <0.001 |
| Prior MI | 499 (12.10%) | 383 (11.21%) | 116 (16.43%) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | 78 (1.89%) | 47 (1.38%) | 31 (4.39%) | <0.001 |
| TIA | 14 (0.34%) | 12 (0.35%) | 2 (0.28%) | 0.778 |
| Intracerebral bleeding | 6 (0.15%) | 4 (0.12%) | 2 (0.28%) | 0.292 |
| Congestive heart failure | 2059 (47.10%) | 1649 (48.26%) | 410 (58.07%) | <0.001 |
| NYHA-stage >1 | 1685 (40.87%) | 1323 (38.72%) | 362 (51.27%) | <0.001 |
| Coronary 2-vessel disease | 1020 (24.74%) | 884 (25.87%) | 136 (19.26%) | <0.001 |
| Coronary 3-vessel disease | 2236 (54.23%) | 1678 (49.11%) | 558 (79.04%) | <0.001 |
| Left main disease | 435 (10.55%) | 220 (6.44%) | 215 (30.45%) | <0.001 |
| Shock | 248 (6.02%) | 189 (5.53%) | 59 (8.36%) | 0.004 |
| Hypertension | 3211 (77.88%) | 2595 (75.94%) | 616 (87.25%) | <0.001 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 1814 (44.00%) | 1408 (41.21%) | 406 (57.51%) | <0.001 |
| Valvular disease | 1026 (24.88%) | 727 (21.28%) | 299 (42.35%) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disorders | 1455 (35.29%) | 1121 (32.81%) | 334 (47.31%) | <0.001 |
| Other concomitant diseases | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 2263 (54.89%) | 1864 (54.55%) | 399 (56.52%) | 0.340 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 549 (13.32%) | 420 (12.29%) | 129 (18.27%) | <0.001 |
| Coagulopathy | 486 (11.79%) | 224 (6.56%) | 262 (37.11%) | <0.001 |
| Hypothyroidism | 449 (10.89%) | 366 (10.71%) | 83 (11.76%) | 0.417 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) | 442 (10.72%) | 310 (9.07%) | 132 (18.70%) | <0.001 |
| Interventions at index hospital stay (%) | ||||
| BMS | 1460 (35.41%) | 1460 (42.73%) | – | – |
| DES | 1519 (36.84%) | 1519 (44.45%) | – | – |
| PCl >1 coronary artery† | 464 (11.25%) | 464 (13.58%) | – | – |
| Pacemaker implantation | 90 (2.18%) | 67 (1.96%) | 23 (3.26%) | 0.032 |
| ICD implantation | 35 (0.85%) | 34 (1.00%) | 1 (0.14%) | 0.024 |
The p value was calculated using Kruskal-Wallis test for age and two-tailed χ2 test all other variables.
*Other analysed comorbidities according to Elixhauser et al with frequency <5% are not shown (pulmonary circulation disorders, liver disease, blood loss anaemia, deficiency anaemia, peptic ulcer disease excluding bleeding, weight loss, solid tumour without metastasis, metastatic cancer, lymphoma, fluid and electrolyte disorders, rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular diseases, paralysis, other neurological disorders, alcohol abuse, drug abuse, psychoses, depression and AIDS/HIV).
†At least two stents in one or more coronary arteries during the index hospitalisation.
AMI, acute myocardial infarction; BMS, bare metal stent; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; DES, drug-eluting stent; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.