Baseline characteristics
| Control | ACS | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 15 | 30 | |
| Age, years | 64±5 | 65±12 | 0.84 |
| Male, n (%) | 13 (87) | 30 (100) | 0.11 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 6 (40) | 24 (80) | 0.039 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 0 (0) | 15 (50) | 0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 3 (20) | 22 (73) | 0.001 |
| STEMI (n, %) | 29 (97) | ||
| Time from onset to balloon (hours) | 3.7±2.9 | ||
| Culprit vessel | |||
| LMT, n (%) | 2 (6.7) | ||
| LAD, n (%) | 13 (43.3) | ||
| LCx, n (%) | 3 (10.0) | ||
| RCA, n (%) | 12 (40.0) | ||
| Stent, n (%) | 30 (100) | ||
| Bare metal stent, n (%) | 18 (60) | ||
| Drug-eluting stent, n (%) | 12 (40) | ||
| LVEF (%) | 58±10 | ||
| Max CK (IU/l) | 2277±2116 | ||
| BNP at day 7 (pg/mL) | 214±342 | ||
| CRP at day 0 (mg/dL) | 0.6±1.3 | ||
| T-Chol (mg/dL) | 196 (167–202) | 166 (144–203) | 0.13 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 112 (87–141) | 79 (59–117) | 0.07 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 55 (47–65) | 41 (37–47) | 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 108 (96–123) | 95 (83–125) | 0.50 |
| HbA1c, NGSP (%) | 5.7 (5.6–5.9) | 6.3 (5.9–7.2) | 0.001 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 96 (91–100) | 113 (99–153) | <0.001 |
| FIRI (μU/mL) | 4.9 (3.2–11.2) | 6.4 (3.6–11.9) | 0.47 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.1 (0.8–2.6) | 1.8 (1.0–4.6) | 0.14 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.1±2.9 | 23.9±3.8 | 0.47 |
| Medication at discharge | |||
| RAS inhibitor, n (%) | 25 (83) | ||
| β blocker | 6 (20) | ||
| Statins, n (%) | 24 (80) | ||
Data are shown as the mean±SD or median with IQR.
ACS, acute coronary syndrome; BMI, body mass index; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CK, creatine phosphokinase; FIRI, fasting immunoreactive insulin; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; LCx, left circumflex coronary artery; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LMT, left main tract; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; NGSP, National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program; RAS, renin-angiotensin system; RCA, right coronary artery; STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infarction; T-chol, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.