Characteristics of patients according to setting of patient
| Characteristics | Real world N=596 | Clinical trial N=356 | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age—year | 68±10 | 66±13 | 0.86 |
| Male sex | 374 (62.8) | 197 (55.3) | 0.02 |
| Type of AF* | |||
| Paroxysmal | 371 (62.2) | 190 (57.1) | 0.28 |
| Persistent | 103 (17.3) | 68 (20.4) | |
| Permanent | 122 (20.5) | 75 (22.5) | |
| Symptomatic | 441 (74.0) | 294 (82.6) | 0.002 |
| History of underlying disease | |||
| Hypertension | 341 (57.2) | 187 (52.5) | 0.16 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 72 (12.1) | 50 (14.0) | 0.38 |
| Previous stroke/TIA | 59 (9.9) | 44 (12.4) | 0.24 |
| Coronary artery disease | 68 (11.4) | 33 (9.3) | 0.30 |
| Myocardial infarction | 31 (5.2) | 19 (5.3) | 0.93 |
| Chronic obstructive lung disease | 43 (7.2) | 29 (8.1) | 0.60 |
| Congestive heart failure | 41 (6.9) | 25 (7.0) | 0.93 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 26 (4.4) | 12 (3.4) | 0.44 |
| Mitral valve heart disease | 9 (1.5) | 7 (2.0) | 0.60 |
| Aortic valve heart disease | 27 (4.5) | 5 (1.4) | 0.01 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score† | 0.70 | ||
| 0 | 69 (11.6) | 38 (10.7) | |
| 1 | 116 (19.5) | 85 (23.9) | |
| 2 | 149 (25.0) | 72 (20.2) | |
| 3 | 125 (21.0) | 70 (19.7) | |
| >3 | 137 (23.0) | 91 (25.6) | |
| Medical treatment | |||
| β-blocker | 398 (66.8) | 164 (46.1) | <0.001 |
| Digitalis | 78 (13.1) | 59 (16.6) | 0.14 |
| Verapamil | 54 (9.1) | 44 (12.4) | 0.11 |
| Vaughan-Williams Classes I and III antiarrhythmic treatment | 114 (19.1) | 105 (29.1) | <0.001 |
| Other medication | |||
| Angiotensin receptor blocker and/or ACE inhibitor | 243 (40.8) | 152 (42.7) | 0.56 |
| Diuretic | 182 (30.5) | 56 (15.7) | <0.001 |
| Statin | 215 (36.1) | 119 (33.4) | 0.40 |
| Oral anticoagulation | 540 (90.6) | 218 (61.2) | <0.001 |
| Vitamin K antagonist | 336 (56.4) | 218 (61.2) | 0.14 |
| Dabigatran | 82 (13.8) | – | |
| Rivaroxaban | 87 (14.6) | – | |
| Apixaban | 35 (5.9) | – | |
| Antiplatelet treatment | |||
| Aspirin | 23 (3.9) | 118 (33.1) | <0.001 |
| Heart rate | |||
| Mean—bpm | 73±20 | 80±22 | 0.001 |
| >100 bpm | 42 (8.3) | 54 (15.2) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index—kg/m² | 27.5±5.0 | 27.1±4.9 | 0.20 |
| Blood pressure—mm Hg | |||
| Systolic | 140±18.3 | 141±20.6 | 0.50 |
| Diastolic | 84±11.2 | 79±10.8 | <0.001 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction % | 56.7±7.7 | 56.9±10.1 | 0.76 |
Values are mean±SD and the number of patients and percentages for each discrete variable.
*Number of patients with AF does not sum up to 356 in the clinical trial cohort, because 6% of patients had atrial flutter at baseline.
†The CHA2DS2VASc score is a stroke risk classification scheme, using a point system ranging from 0 to 9, to determine the yearly risk index.17 Congestive heart failure 1 point, hypertension 1 point, age 75 years or above 2 points, diabetes 1 point, previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack 2 points, vascular disease 1 point, age 65–74 years 1 point, sex category (female) 1 point. The score is calculated by summing all points for a patient.
AF, atrial fibrillation; TIA, transient ischemic attack.